Turbo

What is a turbocharger?

It is a rotating device where the rotors of the turbine and compressor are placed on the ends of one shaft, the turbine driven by the exhaust gas drives the compressor, which causes the pumping of additional air into the combustion chamber, and this increases the efficiency and power of the engine. Turbochargers are used in both gasoline and diesel cars, in tuning it is often used to turbocharge a naturally aspirated engine, which gives a huge increase over serial power. A tuning turbocharger with higher performance is the dream of every sports car owner. Usually the factory turbo is replaced by a larger tuning counterpart with increased performance. Not surprisingly, our tuning turbochargers are very popular among professional racers and tuning workshops.

How does a turbocharger work? Operating conditions

The most popular form of engine supercharging is the use of a turbocharger which raises the atmospheric pressure of the air. Its selection is of great importance in the perspective of the course of power and engine characteristics. The turbocharger, using the energy of the exhaust gases, increases the pressure of the supplied air and fuel to the engine, increasing the ratio of filling the cylinder with a fresh air-fuel mixture. The turbocharger and compressor are mounted on a single axis. The exhaust gases (combustion gases) directed at the turbine thus drive the compressor rotor, which forces more air into the combustion chamber. Burning more fuel, along with more air, directly affects power, improving the performance of the car.

How is a turbocharger built?

Turbines are divided into GT series (GT28, GT30, GT35, GT40, GT42, GT45) and GTX series (GTX28, GTX30, GTX35, GTX40, GTX42, GTX45). The former are based on a standard compression wheel, providing an earlier boost, than the GTX series, whose CNC-machined forged compression wheel provides higher power at the expense of later spool . Note that it is not worth exaggerating the size of the turbo - often a car with relatively weaker power, supercharged with a smaller turbocharger will be "faster" in stree or drift than if a large turbocharger is used. Why? It is important to have a power and torque waveform that provides a wide range of useful RPMs, rather than the higher peak power available in the range of just a few hundred RPMs, an oversized turbocharger can cause turbocharging. The compressor's RPM will be too low, creating unfavorable operating conditions for the compressor. This slightly different situation occurs in a dragster, where high power available only at the red dashes of the tachometer counts.

The turbine consists of an aluminum intake shell, and a cast iron one on the hot side, the rotor part consisting of the turbine and the compressor wheel is bearing. Some turbines have a built-in westagte, which is often pneumatically controlled by a vacuum. The vacuum is able to push the pear piston tilting or opening the exhaust vent. Also common is the exhaust gas guide, which is called variable geometry. Structurally, it is a series of vanes that regulate the amount of exhaust gas on the impeller wheel to control the optimal propulsion of the compressor rotor.

What are turbochargers used for? That is, how to supercharge a car engine

Turbochargers allow the use of the energy of the exhaust gases expelled, in order to compress the intake air and does not affect the direct load on the engine, unlike compressor supercharging, which significantly affects the load on the drive unit, after mechanical drive. Installing a turbocharger is the easiest way to increase engine power and torque. Filling the engine compartment with supercharged air with fuel allows the delivery of more oxygen, which improves the combustion process and results in increased engine power . The solution of supercharging the engine through a turbine is found in street cars, as well as racing cars, and carries a number of advantages that are appreciated by automotive enthusiasts around the world.

What are the characteristics of a modern turbocharger? Operation of a turbocharger

Modern tuning turbochargers are characterized by high-performance bearings - in addition to standard journal bearings (sliding bearings), ball bearings and hybrid ceramic ball bearings, i.e. high-performance turbines on standard ball bearings and their ceramic counterparts, are becoming increasingly popular. Another extremely important component is the efficient compression wheel - both the ordinary ones in the GT series and the forged, CNC-machined ones in the GTX series have properly aligned blades, guaranteeing tremendous performance. Precision-crafted core housing, in the form of an aluminum intake shell, and a crack-resistant cast iron hot side are the features of any modern turbocharger, which guide the dynamic development of the JRSpec turbocharger line.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of turbochargers?

The advantages of turbocharged engines are undoubtedly obtaining high power from a relatively small engine capacity, improving the efficiency of the power unit, improving ecology by reducing emissions of harmful compounds along with exhaust gases.

The disadvantages of turbochargers are the more complex construction of the accessories, which include the more complex construction of the exhaust manifold that gets rid of the exhaust more quickly, the need to install an intercooler, or more complex piping that must take into account the oil supply and water cooling, westgate valve and blow off valve are used for control . In extreme cases where the turbocharger is sized incorrectly, it can accelerate engine wear.

How to take care of a turbocharger? Remember about the bearings

The primary factor affecting the condition of the turbocharger is the oil. which is responsible for lubrication, its quality as well as frequent replacement is a very important matter in terms of long and trouble-free operation. When installing a new turbocharger, always make sure that the lines responsible for oil supply are filled before starting the engine, this will protect the rotor from seizure, due to dry start.

To control and bleed the excess pressure pumped by the turbocharger is used Blow off, or bleed valve. It is the BOV that is responsible for bleeding pressure from the intake system when the throttle is closed, protecting the turbo from sudden stoppage of the rotors - greatly extending the life of the turbocharger. In addition to the protective function, the turbo also gains the attraction of the engine sound - each release of the accelerator triggers the characteristic "pssst" sound coming from the open blow off.

Blow off is not the only available supercharger bleed valve. The second type is the dump valve (DV). Unlike the blow off, the pressure released by the DV re-enters the intake system, creating a closed system. The recirculation makes it much quieter. DV will be appreciated by series car owners who care about quiet operation. Speaking of bleed valves, we must mention wastegate, it controls the opening of the piston that regulates the amount of exhaust gas going to the rotor blades of your turbocharger. Like the previously described solutions, it must be characterized by smooth, trouble-free operation to engage at key moments. Any jamming or blocking of the piston in the blow-off, DV or wastegate can result in damage to the turbine! It is also important to select the diameter of the piston working in the valve to the planned power and pressure .

Turbocompressors in the store Fmic.pl are also regeneration

We offer extremely popular Garrett GT and GTX turbochargers, as well as their tuning counterparts from JRspec, which are used in motorsports, especially KJS, drift and drag. The above-mentioned turbochargers, in addition to high performance, are characterized by a considerable life span, which is extremely important for continuous operation in extremely high temperatures and conditions.

Our offer also includes the service of modification of factory turbochargers, to more efficient hybrids. This service consists of mitered intake shell, and exhaust shell. Such modification makes the compressor is able to charge the internal combustion engine with higher pressure, which directly affects the power of the engine, properly selected rotors often also improving the efficiency of the engine, regardless of whether it is a diesel or gasoline unit.

We have a large stock of finished turbochargers after modifications for cars of various brands, such as Nissan, Toyota, Lexus, Mazda, VW, Skoda, Audi, BMW, Alfa Romeo, Cupra, Honda, Fiat, Kia, Mercedes, Porsche, Mini Cooper, Opel, Subaru, Saab, Seat, Hyundai, Ford, Renault, Volvo, Chevrolet, Mitsubishi and many others. We also deal with remanufacturing of factory turbochargers, if your turbine has seized on the shaft, makes a disturbing whirring sound, the turbocharger's operating conditions are not suitable, you have noticed a deterioration of the turbocharger's response, the variable geometry has seized, you have experienced a drop in power, or the engine does not develop power optimally, and the boost pressure appears at too high speeds. In such cases, contact us, we will try to restore it to factory condition.

In our store you will find tuning turbochargers with warranty, as well as all accessories - shells, flanges, gaskets, V-bands, valves, restricators, oil lines.